Critique of a Toy - 1020 Words

CRITIQUE OF A TOY The toy I have chosen is the LEGO 750 BRICKS BOX TOY This toy is good for children of ages 2 to 6 years, it allows for free play and helps children to be creative, it helps develop their learning skills and is good for their hand to eye co-ordination which also which also increase their physical and intellectual development ( Ellis flood 2010 Child Development for students in Ireland Dublin Gill Macmillan ) Margaret Macmillan approach to the curriculum was designed around toy which develops a child’s fine and gross motor skills and manual dexterity and she regarded free play as an important aspect of a child’s development (Josephine Donohue Frances Gaynor 2011 Education Care in the Early Years 4th edition†¦show more content†¦It also helps the children’s physical development as they put so many hours into the play. DURABILITY OF TOY: The Lego bricks is durable because its made out of plastic rubbers. The plastics are very strong so they can withstand a lot of impact, rough handling, throwing, kicking and still not break. The Lego bricks are very durable as its thick coating of plastic rubbers makes it strong and its washable which is important for hygiene reason especially in a pre school where we have lots of children from different homes. STORAGE OF TOY: The Lego bricks comes in a box, which makes it easy for storage which can be placed on the shelve or under the table or bed. VALUE OF TOY IN RELATION TO THE CHILD’S OVERALL DEVELOPMENT: PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT: The physical development of the children’s is enhanced as their gross motor skills and fine motor skills improves. It also helps their eye to hand co-ordination as they require a higher concentration level in the construction or bringing of their imagination to life of what they see themselves creating. INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT: Playing with the Lego bricks, a child can be introduced to maths through abacus numbers, letters on blocks/bricks also height, weight, matching, sorting and their vocabulary skills can be developed. Creativity play can also be developed as Lego bricks allow a child to beShow MoreRelatedtoy critique7132 Words   |  29 Pagesassignment is to choose a toy and assess and examine it under various headings using both primary and secondary research. Objectives Compile a comprehensive checklist of assessment criteria with which to critique my chosen toy use the checklist to assess my chosen toy. Write up and evaluate my findings. Outline and evaluate the role of the adult in relation to the toy. Rationale To have a better understanding of the development and play values of a toy. To see how my chosen toy Lego stands up inRead MoreToy Critique2908 Words   |  12 PagesBoyle-Perry PPS NUMBER: 1378183PA MODULE NAME: Early Childhood Education amp; Play MODULE CODE: 5N1773 TITLE: Toy Critique TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Introduction: Aim, Objectives, Rational†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 Comprehensive list of Criteria for Assessing a Toy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...5 Safety†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...9 Play Value†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...9 Ease of Storage†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreEssay on TOY CRITIQUE ASSIGNMENT3922 Words   |  16 Pagesï » ¿Table of contents Introduction 2 Aim, objectives, rationale 2 List of criteria 4 Detailed assessment of The Toy 8 Physical development: Wellbeing 8 Intellectual development: Exploring and thinking 9 Language development: Communication 10 Emotional development: Identity and belonging, and communication 10 Social development: Identity and belonging, and communication 11 Detailed assessment of the role of the adult 12 Evaluation 13 Conclusion 13 Recommendations 14 References 15 Read MoreAn Investigation Based Research Project1607 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the course of English 102 this semester, I analyzed, questioned, and made critical connections between sources by using my research, my sources, interpretation, analysis, and critique. Upon entering the class, I didn’t understand what an inquiry-based research essay was, and I didn’t see the distinction between this inquiry-based research project and other types of research I have done. However, through several modifications and suggestions from my classmates, instructor, and the Writing CenterRead MoreMattel s Target Customers Range851 Words   |  4 PagesAs the world’s leading toy-making company, Mattel has won the hearts and loyalty of children from all ages around the world. Through the immense variety of toys that are developed, Mattel’s target customers range from all shapes and sizes, boys and girls, young and old. Every manufacturer of the children s products, being a part of business organization has the responsibilities to the consumers and the society. Mattel tries very hard to survive by the effective use of factors of production and otherRead MoreInside Toyland1266 Words   |  6 PagesInside Toyland, written by Christine L. Williams, is a look into toy stores and the race, class, and gender issues. Williams worked about six weeks at two toy stores, Diamond Toys and Toy Warehouse, long enough to be able to detect patterns in store operations and the interactions between the workers and the costumers. She wanted to attempt to describe and analyze the rules that govern giant toy stores. Her main goal was to understand how shopping was socially organized and how it might be transformedRead MoreInside Toyland by Christine L. Williams Essay1262 Words   |  6 PagesInside Toyland, written by Christine L. Williams, is a look into toy stores and the race, class, and gender issues. Williams worked about six weeks at two toy stores, Diamond Toys and Toy Warehouse, long enough to be able to detect patterns in store operations and the interactions between the workers and the costumers. She wanted to attempt to describe and analyze the rules that govern giant toy stores. Her main goal was to understand how shopping was socially organized and how it might be transformedRead MoreArticle Critique : Promoting Mother Infant Book Sharing And Infant Attention And Language Development Essay889 Words   |  4 PagesArticle Critique 2 Cooper, P., Vally, Z., Cooper, H., Radford, T., Sharples, A., Tomlinson, M., Murray, L. (2014). Promoting Mother-Infant Book Sharing and Infant Attention and Language Development in an Impoverished South African Population: A Pilot Study. Early Childhood Education Journal, 42(2), 143-152. doi:10.1007/s10643-013-0591-8 PURPOSE: This pilot study was completed to see if a successful study in the developed world would extend to an impoverished community in South Africa. The presentRead MoreSlavery Is the Most Dehumanizing and Aspect of Human Life Essay775 Words   |  4 Pageslife. Although many people viewed slavery as a necessity, others have strong critiques of the institution. We are able to gain knowledge of these very critiques by the first-hand accounts of Mary Prince in the narrative The History of Mary Prince and From the Darkness Cometh the Light by Lucy Delaney. In the narratives, Prince and Delany communicate to the reader a plethora of critiques to slavery. The most powerful critiques that Prince and Delaney agree upon are the destruction of family, the conditionRead MoreApplying Albert Banduras Bobo Doll Theory to Any Criminal Behavior1684 Words   |  7 Pagesthis essay I will demonstrate how Albert Banduras Bobo doll theory can be applied to criminal behaviour in today’s society and h ow his method has some flaws to the structure when applying it in to today’s societal issues which will be going under critique. The criminological theory that this applies to is the social learning theory implying that people will imitate or copy what other people do this especially applies to children as they seek approval from their parents and others. I will explain

Why Tobacco Is The United State Of America, Brazil, India,...

Tobacco plant is the same as botanical family such as tomatoes, potatoes Peppers or eggplants. Adaptive types, which can be growing economically from 50 degree northern and 40 degree southern. More than 100 counties are growing tobacco like China is growing the most then United State of America, Brazil, India and Turkey. Indonesia grows cultivated which is called by name† bright tobacco† the reason is because of its yellow to orange colour, just like Virginia tobacco after the United State of America. This type of grows mainly subtropical region with light rainfall. In Indonesia this type of tobacco is mostly produced in Lombok Island. Asia is the tiniest and hardest type, grown in hot climate such as Indonesia. These condition and high†¦show more content†¦Other than that, having a few places create tobacco quality, usually grows for supermarket domestic or cigarette quality lows, tingwe (linting dhewe) just like tobacco Kaponan from Ponorogo. 4.2 Tobacco control laws Indonesia has rules and lows just like every others countries in the world, here some of the low of the republic of Indonesia number 40 year 1999 about press by the grace of God almighty the president of the republic of Indonesia. †¢ Smoke free places Smoking is illegal on public transport and in the following public places: healthcare facilities, educational facilities, and places of worship. In other types of public places and in workplaces, designated smoking areas must be provided. With respect to outdoor places, children’s playgrounds must be smoke free. The realization of smoke free places and smoking-restricted places, however, requires passage of laws by local governments. The national law does not set a limit by which local governments must act, so some local governments have passed smoke free legislation while others have not. Sub-national jurisdictions may pass smoke freeShow MoreRelatedBric Analysis Essay11111 Words   |  45 Pages2010 Northeastern Political Science Association 0032-3497/10 www.palgrave-journals.com/polity/ Brazil, the Entrepreneurial and Democratic BRIC* Leslie Elliott Armijo Portland State University Sean W. Burges University of Ottawa By most objective metrics, Brazil is the least imposing of the ‘‘BRICs countries’’— less populous than China and India, slower-growing in recent years than China, India, or Russia, and the only member of the group lacking nuclear weapons. We argue that Brazil’s materialRead MoreEuropes Second Logistic5530 Words   |  23 PagesPortolan chart of the Indian Ocean environs (ca. early 1600s) The Cantino planisphere (1502), one of the oldest surviving Portuguese nautical charts, showing the results of the explorations of Vasco da Gamas to India, Columbus to Central America and Pedro à lvares Cabrals to Brazil. The meridian of Tordesillas, separating the Portuguese and Spanish halves of the world is also depicted Henry the Navigators primary project was exploration of the West Coast of Africa and development of useful portolanRead MoreIphone : The Year That Changed It All Essay2197 Words   |  9 Pagesworld’s second-largest mobile phone manufacturer is truly incredible. In fact, not only does it lead in technology and phone production, it’s become the largest publicly traded TNC in the world. Everything from its assets to its brand loyalty prove why it has expanded across the globe, and will continue to for many years to come. Apple Inc. has globally expanded by outsourcing nearly every level of its production and became one of the most successful and revolutionary TNC’s in the world, mainly dueRead MoreApush Terms Chapter 1 a People and a Nation Essay examples4705 Words   |  19 PagesNomadic hunters of game and gatherers of wild plants, they spread throughout North and South America, probably moving as bands composed of extended families. The Mayas: Developed approximately two thousand years ago. On the Yucatan Peninsula, in today’s eastern Mexico, the Mayas built urban centers containing tall pyramids and temples. They studied astronomy and created and elaborate writing system. Their city-states, though, engaged in near-constant warfare with one another. Warfare and an inadequateRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesLuthans University of Nebraska–Lincoln Jonathan P. Doh Villanova University INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: CULTURE, STRATEGY, AND BEHAVIOR, EIGHTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright  © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions  © 2009, 2006, and 2003. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a databaseRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The World Economy3193 Words   |  13 Pagesinsensible liberalization of prices, financial decentralization, increasing autonomy for state enterprises, development of stock markets, the rapid growth of the private sector and increasing attention to the foreign trade and also investment. However, China has fulfilled reforms gradually, without rushing. That is one of the arguments why China s economy rised as much. In recent years, China has renewed its support for state-owned enterprises in sectors which its government considers are important to theRead MoreDevelopment and Globalisation Essay7740 Words   |  31 PagesThe Philippines and Thailand, Mexico and Brazil Third Phase †¢ China and India, Turkey, South Africa and the Philippines †¢ China has seen the fastest rate of economic growth of any country †¢ India’s industry is heavily based around services – which accounted for 50% of its total GDP. †¢ New TNCs are now being set up in Indian such as Infosys, Bangalore. |Positives of India Read MoreBrazil Culture17445 Words   |  70 PagesUNIVERSITY FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION JANUARY 2007 .INDEX Preface†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 List of Tables†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 I. INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 II.CULTURAL PATTERNS OF BRAZIL†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. A. Social Institutions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1. Historical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 2. Geographical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 3. Demographical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 4. Political†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 5. Economic†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13Read MoreCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 PagesC-67 Gillette and the men’s wet-shaving market C-76 Incat Tasmania’s race for international success: Blue Riband strategies C-95 Kiwi Travel International Airlines Ltd C-105 CASE 8 Beefing up the beefless Mac: McDonald’s expansion strategies in India: C-120 CASE 9 Nucor Corporation and the US steel industry C-128 CASE 10 Pacific Dunlop: Caught on the half volley C-157 CASE 11 Philip Morris C-173 CASE 12 Pisces Group of Singapore C-188 CASE 13 Raffles, Singapore’s historic hotel C-194 CASERead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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Business Research Methods Cengage Learning

Question: Discuss about the Business Research Methods Cengage Learning. Answer: Introduction: As per the case scenario it has been observed that large number of International students from India, China, Philippians and many other Asian countries tend to visit Auckland for computer games, bike ridings, cricket and other activities. As a result a major communication gap has been raised between the international people and local inhabitants of Auckland. Kiwis fail to make an effective interaction with international students that ultimately hampers the overall healthy environment of education centers (Edwards, Harrison Tait, 2013). In order to overcome this kind of situation an effective business plan can be made based on which both the Kiwis and International students do not have to face difficulties in communication with each other. Harrys counseling center would be launched in Auckland where the interested international students can get the scope to evaluate their communication skill and body language. As a result, they would not have to face challenges in interacting with Kiwis students. The activities that Harrys counseling center tends to conduct in their learning process include training on communication skill, participating in group discussion session, attending counseling classes and so on. This particular center is flexible in both e-commerce business as well as traditional business process. The international students who cannot avail the counseling center due to any issue can use e-commerce business process as well. Proposed target market: The customers would be targeted as per geographic, demographic and psychographic market segmentation. International students coming from India, China, Philippians and many other Asian countries face difficulties to interact with Kiwis. At the same time, university of Auckland, MIT College, Unitech College can be targeted for garbing their attention of their students. Therefore, the customers can be targeted from India, China, and Philippians primarily. On the other hand, people having average income status can afford the price of Harrys counseling center. The university students are the expected target customers. Therefore, people having 20 to 30 age group can be segregated for using the service of Harrys counseling center. The center is flexible to interact with the people of different cultural attitudes, values and psychologies. Therefore, international students having different religious and cultural backgrounds would be targeted. As Auckland is out an out advanced in technology, the marketing managers of Harrys counseling center can use the popularity of social media as well as electronic media to promote their entire business. On the other hand, social media is the only platform with the help of which target customers from Asian countries would be able to draw their attention (Fleisher Bensoussan, 2015). The customer executives are flexible to use various languages for maintaining customer relation. As a result, International customers would not have to face difficulties in using the service of Harrys counseling center. Market competitors: In the market of New Zealand the service providers such as NZES, NZAC has already established their business process by providing training and guidance to the international students. The major drawbacks of those service providers are high price of entry fee (Hassan Craft, 2012). At the same time, the counselors appointed in NZES, NZAC are very much professional. Therefore, this is the competitive advantage of Harrys counseling center. The course fee that Harrys counseling center has fixed for the interested customers is affordable. In addition, the outward approach of the Harrys counseling center is not that much professional. As a result, the students would be able to ask for additional guidance. Rent 1. Booking rooms in colleges- 1200$ per hours 2. Booking office rooms: 1100$ 3. Leisure Center: 1000$ Production equipment 1. Machinery : 500$ 2. Tools : 300$ 3. Other things: 100$ Office Fittings 1. Microphone: $239 2. Sound System for different games : 500 3. Fax Machine$299 Positioning of the brand 1. Using online media (social media such as facebook, twitter, instagram) : 2500$ (for 1 month) 2. Direct marketing : 1500$ (for 1 month) Marketing 1. Writing Paper: 400$ 2. Brochures : 500$ 3. Advertisement 1000$ Total Investment: : 9988$ Expected Revenue If the company becomes successful in attracting more student then it is expected that the revenue after 6 months can be approximately: 40500$ Proposed locations and Key resources: The locations that Harrys counseling center would focus for maintaining their counseling process include the university of Auckland, MIT college, Unitech college and many other colleges and universities of New Zealand. As this particular center has launched a start-up business counselors would not be appointed initially. The service users can be flexible in purchasing the service process from various locations. The Key establishment of Harrys counseling center is located at Auckland. Besides, the counseling session will be conducted university of Auckland, MIT College, Unitech College once in week. Therefore, the students can take the services from there as well. Moreover, e-commerce availability is also included within this business process. As a result, people coming from remote areas can use online facilities as well. The service providers of Harrys counseling center are free for twenty four hours to solve the customers queries. The business method Harrys counseling center is highly seasonal. Therefore, it is difficult to run their entire business successfully throughout the year. On the other hand, the service providers such as NZES, NZAC have already established their entire business process in the New Zealand market. As a result, Harrys counseling center may have to face difficulties to gain the trust of people and to make them different from its competitors. Reference List: Edwards, R., Harrison, R., Tait, A. (Eds.). (2013).Telling tales: Perspectives on guidance and counselling in learning. Routledge. Fleisher, C. S., Bensoussan, B. E. (2015).Business and competitive analysis: effective application of new and classic methods. FT Press. Hassan, S. S., Craft, S. (2012). Examining world market segmentation and brand positioning strategies.Journal of Consumer marketing,29(5), 344-356. McMahon, M. (Ed.). (2016).Career counselling: Constructivist approaches. Routledge. Sharma, A., Lambert, D. M. (2013). Segmentation of markets based on customer service.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management. Wedel, M., Kamakura, W. A. (2012).Market segmentation: Conceptual and methodological foundations(Vol. 8). Springer Science Business Media. Zikmund, W. G., Babin, B. J., Carr, J. C., Griffin, M. (2013).Business research methods. Cengage Learning.

United Arab Emirates and Norway Economies

United Arab Emirates and Norway Economies: Comparative Analysis Introduction According to Central Intelligence Agency or CIA (2015a; 2015b), both Norway and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are countries that heavily rely on oil and gas sector of their economies. Natural oil resources have given both countries an impetus towards fast development and, as a result, their economic indices appear to be among the highest.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on United Arab Emirates and Norway Economies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this paper, the economic factors of the two countries are analyzed, and their policies are described; some assumptions about their future development are presented, and a conclusion about their diversification decision is made. Countries Overview. Microeconomics Figure 1: Current GDP in Norway and UAE, $US, 1990-2015 (World Bank 2015). Microeconomics is the part of the economics devoted to the individual sectors and companies within a country’s economy. We shall provide a short overview of the factors that are relevant for the countries’ economy and certain economic factors. A more holistic view of the economies will be presented in the next part of the paper (Gottheil 2013). The UAE is a union of the emirates of Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi), ‘Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah (Sharjah), Dubayy (Dubai), Ra’s al Khaymah, Umm al Qaywayn; the state was created in 1971 with the capital in Abu Dhabi (CIA 2015a, para. 2). UAE purposefully avoided the â€Å"Arab Spring†. The country is the third-largest OPEC producer, but the country has been attempting to reduce its dependence on the oil resources quite successfully (Carpenter Khan 2015). The area of UAE includes only land 83,600 km2 with 4.6% of the land involved in agriculture.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The labour force of the country amounts to 4.891 million people, and 78% of it is employed in the services sector. The population of UAE is a peculiar resource. 70% of the UAE population is concentrated in Abu Dhabi and Dubai; 16% are in Sharjah (UAE NQA 2013, p. 3-4). What is more important, no more than 20% of the country’s population is Emirati. Expatriated people make up the most of the country’s workforce. The country exports crude oil, natural gas, dried fish, dates, and reexports. Imports include machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, and food (CIA 2015a, para. 1-6). The industries of UAE include ‘petroleum and petrochemicals; fishing, aluminium, cement, fertilizers, commercial ship repair, construction materials, handicrafts, textiles’, and the industrial production growth rate is 3.5% (CIA 2015a, para. 6). Figure 2: GDP growth in Norway and UAE, %, 1990-2015 (World Bank 2015). According to CIA (2015b), after a thousand y ears worth of unions, Norway was granted independence in 1905. In the 1960s, oil was discovered in the country’s adjacent waters which boosted its economy. Norway is a member of NATO, European Economic Area, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The land area of Norway is 304,282 km2; water area equals 19,520 km2; 2.7% of the land is involved in agriculture. The Norwegian economy is a mixed one, and the country is described as a prosperous one. The country’s economy is dependent on the natural resources, primarily the petroleum sector (30% of the country’s government revenue); other resources include fish, minerals, timber, and hydropower. The countries’ industries include ‘petroleum and gas, shipping, fishing, aquaculture, food processing, shipbuilding, pulp and paper products, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textiles’, and the industrial production growth rate is 0.8% (CIA 2015b, par. 6). The labor force equa ls 2.724 million, and about 77% of it is involved in the services sector while 20% are involved in the industrial sector.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on United Arab Emirates and Norway Economies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The country exports ‘petroleum and petroleum products, machinery and equipment, metals, chemicals, ships, fish’ and imports ‘machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs’ (CIA 2015b, par. 6). Social safety of Norway is very much emphasised. Conclusions The two countries differ significantly: they are situated in different climate zones, have been existing for different amounts of time, had had to deal with different historical events. Norway appears to be richer in natural resources; its area is larger, and the country possesses some water area. At the same time, the UAE possesses more workforce. The industrial production growth rate is higher for UAE. A specific feature of UAE is its ethnically diverse workforce. The main similarity between the countries is their continuous reliance on the petroleum sector. Macroeconomics Measuring Economy The key parameters that are most often used to â€Å"measure† the economy of a country include gross domestic product (GDP), and gross national income (GNI) (Gottheil 2013). Apart from that, the consumer price index (CPI) and unemployment rates will be demonstrated for the economies to explain their economic situation and policies. National Income and National Accounting Figure 3: GNI in Norway and UAE, current, $US, 1990-2015 (World Bank 2015). GDP measures ‘what is produced and earned in domestic economy’ or the ‘total value of all final goods and services, measured in current market prices, produced in the economy during a year’ (Gottheil 2013, pp.87, 493) Gross national income (GNI) includes GDP, but it also takes into account the income that has been gain ed by the migrants (the income earned from abroad by the citizens of the country and the income earned by the immigrants from the country, the latter is excluded).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Figure 1 (World Bank 2015) demonstrates the current GDPs of the countries while Figure 2 (World Bank 2015) shows their growth rate. Figure 3 (World Bank 2015) and Figure 4 (World Bank 2015) show the current GNIs and their growth. The current account balance of the UAE is $48.45 billion, and the current account balance of Norway is $42.33 billion. UAE GDP per capita is comparable to that of world leading economies, and Norway has been outperforming UAE for the past decades for all the mention indices. However, it is obvious that UAE growth rate used to be significantly higher than that of Norway and has only been lower during the 2009 crisis. It is true that UAE used to rely on oil and global finance and, as a result, the impact of the crisis was rather severe for the country (CIA 2015a, par. 2). To change it, successful diversification was carried out, and the contribution of oil and gas contribution to GDP was reduced to 25% (CIA 2015a, para. 6). The Cost of Living Figure 4: GNI g rowth in Norway and UAE, %, 1990-2015 (World Bank 2015). The consumer price index is ‘a measure comparing the prices of consumer goods and services that a household typically purchases to the prices of those goods and services purchased in a base year’ (p. 836). It is connected to the inflation level which is an increase in price level, or, the ‘measure of prices in one year expressed in relation to prices in a base year’ (p. 842). The inflation data is demonstrated in Figure 5 (World Bank 2015). It is obvious that currently the inflation rate is falling for both countries after a significant rise that had obviously followed the crisis. Figure 6 (World Bank 2015) shows that the CPI of the two countries is practically identical and is rising slowly but steadily. Unemployment and Relevant Measures Figure 7 (World Bank 2015) demonstrates the population of the two countries; Figure 8 shows the data from CIA (2015a; 2015b) concerning the unemployment rate for yo ung people. According to CIA (2015b), the population of Norway is 94.4% Norwegian and, as of 2012, amounts to 5,207,689 with the growth rate of 1.13% and birth rate of 12.14 births per 1,000 people. Migration rate is more than seven migrants per thousand; the ranking of the country in this respect is 16. The current total youth unemployment rate is 8.6%. According to OECD (2015b), the main difficulty concerning the employment in Norway is the steady increase of long-term unemployment (28% in 2012); still, the figure is lower than the average among OECD countries (36%). According to OECD (2015a), the social spending of Norway amounts to 22% of GDP. The poverty rate in Norway is rather low for the members of the group, equalling 0,08% in the same age group (OECD 2015a, para. 12). Figure 5: Inflation: GDP deflator in Norway and UAE, annual, %, 1990-2015 (World Bank 2015). As of 2015, the birth rate in UAE is 15.43 births per 1,000 people with the population growth rate at 2.58%. The g rowth of the population was in many ways conditioned by the expatriates; the Emirati is 19% of the country’s population, the rest being of South Asian, Arab and Iranian, and other origin (UAE National Qualifications Authority [UAE NQA] 2013, p. 3; CIA 2015a, para. 4). Total unemployment for the youth of the UAE amounts to 12.1% (CIA 2015a, para. 4). Conclusions The countries’ indices performance can be described as very satisfactory. One could also say that the UAE growth indices appear rather promising. Still, it is noticeable that the development is slowing down for both countries which can be attributed to the changes in the world economy, for example, the oil prices fluctuations. Macroeconomic Policy choices The key economic policy choice of UAE is the motion towards the diversification of the economy (Rahman 2015). Norway has been acknowledging the importance of diversification as well (CIA 2015b). Apart from that, Norway seems to be especially concerned with inno vation and social protection policies (OECD 2015a). This fact appears to demonstrate the desire of Norway to invest in the most valuable resources: its people and future technology. UAE is similarly interested in addressing its population issues, particularly the problems of unemployment and the difficulties connected to the unusually high percentage of immigrates and expatriate labour force. Managing diversity in such a context is an unusual and challenging issue. Apart from that, UAE is obviously aimed at growth, and the high rates of GDP growth demonstrate that the country is being successful in this respect. Forecasts Figure 6: CPI in Norway and UAE (2010 – base year), 1990-2015 (World Bank 2015). The forecast of the future economic development of UAE is determined by two factors: the positive one, Expo 2020 being held in Dubai, and the negative one, the fluctuations of the oil prices. Expo 2020 Winning the right to hold the EXPO 2020 in Dubai is important for UAE from t he cultural, economic, and political perspectives (Levick 2015). From the point of view of the economy, it should be pointed out that preparing for Expo demands labour force which means that more than 277,000 jobs are expected to be created in the period between 2013 and 2021 (Churchill 2013, para. 1). The tourism sector is expected to experience the biggest impact of the event; similarly, other sectors like building, telecommunication, IT, and transportation have the chances of being positively affected (Churchill 2013). Apart from that, talent, which is a less measurable but still very valuable resource, is being attracted to UAE. All of these factors are bound to have a positive impact on UAE economic development. Oil Prices As a result of increased US oil production and the general slowdown of the economy, the oil prices have decreased significantly. The resulting oil price of $50 per barrel is admittedly a challenge for the world economy and, in particular, for UAE (Rahman 2015 ). The low oil prices affect the stock market of UAE as well as those of other oil-exporting countries (Hanware 2015). According to the Economy Minister of UAE, the country has managed to â€Å"make up† for the oil price fluctuations with the help of previously established international funds. He also points out that the oil price situation highlights the importance of the country’s diversification processes (Rahman 2015, para. 5). The fuel prices in UAE are currently subsidised, but it appears that the government has decided to change it, claiming that it is unreasonable for a rich country (Carpenter Khan 2015). Aggregate Supply and Demand Figure 7: Total population in Norway and UAE, 1990-2015 (World Bank 2015). Aggregate supply is the ‘total supply of goods and services that all firms in the national economy are willing to offer at varying price levels’, while aggregate demand is the total ‘quantity demanded of these goods and services by househ olds, firms, foreigners, and government at the varying price levels’ (Gottheil 2013, p. 468). The aggregate demand curve is downward-sloping: as the prices increase, the demand declines. For aggregate supply, the curve is different: at first, the increase in prices does not affect it while corresponding to the growing GDP; then supply starts to grow while at a certain point the GDP stops increasing. Aggregate demand changes with the fluctuations in demand that can be caused by ‘changes in government spending, foreign incomes, and consumer or firms’ expectations about the future’ (Gottheil 2013, p. 471). As the demand increases, its curve shifts to the right, with the decrease it shifts to the left. For aggregate supply the shift is similar; it changes depending on the availability of resources (Gottheil 2013, pp. 471-473). Let us attempt to apply this information to the current situation in the UAE market. Aggregate Supply and Demand: Oil Prices and Expo T he Expo is likely to increase (or to have increased already) the aggregate demand in UAE; the result of that is the shift of the curve to the right and the rise in prices. At the same time, with the oil prices decreasing, the market players are bound to experience doubts in the future development of the economy. Such nervous excitement may affect the demand in a negative way. Given the fact that Expo has been influencing the demand for two years while the oil prices have been an issue for a year only, the situation may be still heading towards balance. At the same time, it should be pointed out that the Expo could result (and probably has resulted) in the increase of supply. As more resources were demanded, more resources have been supplied; apart from that, the participation of foreign partners is, technically, a specific feature of an Expo (Levick 2015). The aggregate supply and demand for UAE are most certainly destabilised right at the moment. The future of the country is uncert ain, although the prognosis is most certainly positive. Forecast In general, as suggested by The Economist Intelligence (EI) Unit Limited (2015), the GDP growth of UAE is to amount to around 3.6% in the next four years and is going to be â€Å"softened â€Å" by the oil prices falling (par. 1). Economic diversification will be further encouraged since the validity of this policy has been proven by the current situation. According to The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited (2015), the business environment in UAE will improve in the next four years as a result of the ‘improvement in infrastructure and more open trade and investment policies’ (par. 5). Figure 8: Unemployment rate in Norway and UAE (%, for youths), 1990-2015 (World Bank 2015). As for Norway, the diversification of the country, as well as its generally high performance with respect to various economic parameters, allows one to suggest that the country is going to manage the current oil prices situation. S till, given the fact that Norway does rely on the petroleum sector rather heavily, it is bound to experience the drawbacks of the oil prices fluctuations. Its performance may slow down, but it is believable that despite this the country will continue its social and innovation policies. The Education Sector According to OECD (2013), the public education in Norway is free (except for the pre-kindergarten classes), while both public and private institutions gain funding from public sources; tertiary institutions are autonomous in allocating them. In 2010, 84% of students attained secondary education, and 47% chose to proceed with tertiary education; both figures are slightly higher than the average for OECD. The school students’ performance is ‘higher-than-average’ in OECD countries, and it keeps increasing (OECD 2013, p. 5). The gender performance gap is in favour of girls. Norway attempts to provide students with equal opportunities, which has been reflected, for example, in the kindergarten reform of 2004 that was aimed at making the kindergartens more accessible. Still, immigrant students tend to have worse performance. For the sake of equality, free higher education is also provided in Norway; adult learning is being encouraged through programs like â€Å"Programme for Basic Competence in Working Life† (OECD 2013, p. 6). The educational policy of UAE includes the idea of equal opportunities and demands incorporating learning, critical thinking, and practical abilities in the curricula. The aim of UAE educational policies incorporates increasing the rate of university enrolments as well as decreasing the number of school dropouts. The country’s educational system presupposes 12 years of compulsory education (primary and secondary education). Post-secondary education includes a number of prestigious institutions from al over the world (for example, Sorbonne or New York University). In 2009, 28% of the budget had been spent on education sector (UAE National Qualifications Authority 2013, p. 7). The UAE has been acting in consistency with UNESCO’s ‘Education for all’ which presupposes providing equal primary education opportunities for children regardless of their gender as well as increasing the quality of education and reducing illiteracy level among adults. Dubai and Abu Dhabi have participated in international literacy tests in 2009 and 2010, and the performance of the students was below international standards. Higher education participation in UAE has increased and, in 2008, amounted to 25%. The rate of education sector development of UAE is most impressive (UAE National Qualifications Authority 2013, pp. 1-13). While Norway appears to outperform UAE in the field of education, the rates of the development of this sector in the latter country allow one to suggest that the situation will be improved in the near future. Both countries realise the importance of the continuous developm ent in the sector and attempt to make education as accessible as possible. Tourism According to World Travel and Tourism Council [WTTC] (2014), the ‘total contribution’ of Travel and Tourism (TT) into a country’s economy is higher than the spending on the tourism service since, in effect, it includes the ‘hotels, airlines, airports, travel agents and leisure and recreation services’ spending (p. 2). In 2013, TT sector was accountable for 8.4% of UAE GDP (total contribution), and its significance is expected to rise. In 2013, direct workforce involvement in TT amounted to 291,500 jobs (5.3% of employment), and this figure is also expected to increase. The investment in TT amounted to 6.2% of total investment, and visitor exports (the spending of the tourists within the country, education sector excluded) equalled 5.8% of the total UAE exports. Leisure tourism predominates for UAE, amounting to almost 75% of the tourism sector (WTTC 2014, pp. 1-15). It should be pointed out that as a result of Expo 2020 being held in UAE, the tourism sector is bound to develop at a higher rate in the following several years. In Norway, in 2009, TT contribution to GPD equalled 3.3 %; the employment in the sector amounted to 6.3% of the total country’s employment. In 2010, tourists spent 106 billion (in the local currency) in Norway. In 2009, there were almost 14 000 firms in TT sector in Norway, most of them small ones with 1-10 employees. Leisure TT appears to dominate in Norway as well (OECD 2012, p. 253). The policy of TT in Norway is aimed at increasing wealth creation within the industry; this is expected to be achieved through innovation and employees training as well as collaboration on every level. Norway is described as â€Å"sustainable destination†, that is, the industry also needs to be economically and environmentally sustainable (OECD 2012, p. 255). It can be concluded that neither of the countries relies on the tourism sector. Still, it does contribute to both countries’ GPD, and they endeavour to proceed developing it. It appears that for UAE, the tourism sector is more significant; apart from that, it is going to be further developed as a result of Expo being held in the country. This can be regarded as another successful attempt at diversifying the country’s economy. Conclusion The two countries rely on oil and gas export, but they both strive to reduce the importance of this sector and attempt to diversify the economy. Even though there is still room for improvement, in both cases there is a noticeable improvement that is especially visible for UAE. Still, the impact of the oil price fluctuations is bound to be felt by both countries. Norway outperforms UAE in most of the economy measurement parameters; at the same time, the rate of growth for UAE has been significantly higher than that of Norway. This fact leads to the suggestion that UAE will be able to improve its performance in the near future. While the challenge of decreased oil prices is going to affect UAE economy in a rather negative way, the Expo 2020 is a positive influence that can minimise the damage of the former one. Multiple sectors of UAE economy are going to be boosted by the preparation to the Expo, one of them being tourism. Reference List Carpenter, C Khan, S 2015, ‘ U.A.E. Removes Fuel Subsidy as Oil Drop Hurts Arab Economies’, Bloomberg Business, 22 July, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-07-22/u-a-e-to-link-gasoline-price-to-global-markets-effect-aug-1. Churchill, N 2013, ‘Expo 2020 Win: Impact On Dubai’s Jobs Market’, Gulf Business, 28 November, http://gulfbusiness.com/2013/11/expo-2020-win-impact-on-dubais-jobs-market/. CIA 2015a, The World Factbook: United Arab Emirates, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae.html. CIA 2015b, The World Factbook: Norway, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-fac tbook/geos/no.html. Gottheil, F 2013, Principles of macroeconomics, 7th edn, Cengage Learning, Mason, OH. Hanware, K 2015, ‘Falling oil prices trigger stocks sell-off in Gulf’, Arab News, 24 August, https://www.zawya.com/story/Falling_oil_prices_trigger_stocks_selloff_in_Gulf-ZAWYA20150824032600/. Levick, К 2015, ‘World Expo 2020: The Arab Spring Advances’, Forbes, 14 January, http://www.forbes.com/sites/richardlevick/2014/01/14/world-expo-2020-the-arab-spring-advances/. OECD 2012, OECD Tourism Trends and Policies 2012, OECD Publishing, Paris. OECD 2013, Education Policy Outlook: Norway, http://www.oecd.org/edu/EDUCATION%20POLICY%20OUTLOOK%20NORWAY_EN.pdf. OECD 2015a, OECD Data: Norway, https://data.oecd.org/norway.htm. OECD 2015b, Employment Outlook: Norway, http://www.oecd.org/norway/Employment-Outlook-Norway-EN.pdf. Rahman, F 2015, ‘UAE Economy minister sees $80 per barrel as ideal oil price’, Gulf News, 25 October, http://gulfnews.com/b usiness/economy/uae-economy-minister-sees-80-per-barrel-as-ideal-oil-price-1.1606875. The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2015, United Arab Emirates, http://country.eiu.com/united-arab-emirates. UAE National Qualifications Authority 2013, The UAE Education System, http://www.nqa.gov.ae/†¦/The%20UAE%20Education%20System%20Report.p†¦. World Bank 2015, World Development Indicators, http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=2type=metadataseries=NY.GDP.MKTP.CD#. World Travel and Tourism Council 2014, Travel Tourism Economic Impact 2014: United Arab Emirates, http://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic%20impact%20research/country%20reports/united_arab_emirates2014.pdf This essay on United Arab Emirates and Norway Economies was written and submitted by user Logan Chan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Biological Concept of the Hungers Nature

Biological Concept of the Hungers Nature Hunger is a biopsycological process that is critical for organisms to survive. It is a biological process because it involves metabolic processes and hormones. It is physiological that in that it creates a physical need that has to be satisfied. The hypothalamus is the brain part that is responsible for controlling the hormonal function in the body.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Biological Concept of the Hunger’s Nature specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Carnivores depend on other animals for food. Though at times they can feed on plants, their bodies are not physiologically able to digest vegetables matter. Carnivores require heavy meals but can spend most of the time without eating (DeGroot 3024). Unlike carnivores, omnivores have the ability to eat and digest both animal flesh and vegetables. Most omnivores eat relatively small meals but periodically. They normally cannot have a single meal in a day. Herbivores are animals that feed on vegetables only. Their taste preferences are uniquely on vegetables and their bodies cannot digest anything else but vegetables (DeGroot 3024). Most herbivores feed for the better part of the day and sleep over the night. Factors that Influence Hunger Leptin Scientists have determined that a hormone called leptin controls the brain circuits responsible for controlling hunger. Leptin inhibits appetite by acting on receptors in the hypothalamus. First, it counteracts the effects of neuropeptide Y which is a potent feeding stimulant secreted by cells both in the gut and in the hypothalamus (Liu, et al. 2754). Secondly, it counteracts the effects of anandamide and thirdly it promotes the synthesis of an appetite suppressant called ÃŽ ±-MSH. Unlike the rapid inhibition of eating by cholecystokinin (CCK) and the slower suppression of hunger mediated by PYY3-36, the inhibition of leptin is long-term. The absence of this hormone leads to uncontrollable e ating habits and ultimately obesity. Cholecystokinin This is another hormone responsible for the control satiety and is produced by the duodenal and intestinal mucosa (Liu, et al. 2754). It does so by controlling the speed of digestion in the body. High fat chime stimulates the production of this hormone, which through a chain of reactions reduce the speed of digestion. Peptide YY This is a 36-amino acid protein released in response to feeding by the neuro-endocrine cells in the ileum and colon. This hormone appears to reduce appetite in humans (Liu, et al. 2754). Though it is not clear how this hormone reduces satiety, it is clear that it slows the gastric emptying thus increasing the efficiency of digestion and nutrient absorption after a meal.Advertising Looking for term paper on biology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Genes: Is obesity genetic? Epigenetics have revealed some genetic characteristics that control the energy levels in the body. One of the impairments that lead to uncontrolled appetite is the Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). People with this disorder develop uncontrollable appetite, which may result to severe obesity. This I just an example. Many other genetic imprints associated with the eating disorders but no scientific evidence has proved the genetic proof of the epidemic. How experiences have affected my feeding My individual eating habits have been greatly influenced by experiences. First, personal skills have affected my choice of foods. The knowledge on cooking and preparing variety of dishes has increased my variety of choice. Another influence has risen from the cultural background, which has determined my basic foods. During the study, I did not find any genetic influence on my eating habits. The Interactions between nature and nurture that affect diet, body size/shape Several interactions affect diet, body size/shape. In the prenatal period, the availability of food to a pregnant mother affects the nutrients availability of the developing fetus thus its eventual body size/shape. If the developing child does not have access to adequate nutrients, it ends up being small-bodied besides having a low birth weight. Owing to this, during childhood as well as the other stages of development, such a child requires a diet that is capable of supplying all the essential nutrients for a healthy growth. Additionally, the body weight of a mother during pregnancy also affects the diet of a child. Mothers who have high body weights as well as those who gain a lot of weight during pregnancy tend to give birth to children who at risk of being overweight by the time they are three years of age. Such children/individuals have big bodies thus require a diet that is instrumental in reducing their weight as well as maintaining a healthy body weight and shape. DeGroot, Leslie, et al.  Endocrinology. Philadelphia: Saunders. 1989. Print Liu, McFadden, et al. Pept ide YY: a potential proabsorptive hormone for the treatment of malabsorptive disorders. Am Surg.  62  (1996): 232–236.  Print

Report - Usability and Anthropometrics for ROWENTA Intensium Bagless Assignment

Report - Usability and Anthropometrics for ROWENTA Intensium Bagless Vacuum Cleaner - Assignment Example By the end of the report a clear evaluation of the appliance achieved by experimenting it with users will be covered. The report also offers an analysis of performance in regard to ergonomic principles. Although, it is widely thought that bag-less vacuums were developed just the recently, the features have been in use since time immemorial.  The previous vacuums, for example used bag-less qualities until about three decades ago, when the feature was discarded.   The manufacturers abandoned making bag-less vacuums on hygienic grounds.   The usability of such appliances was low.  One had to remove the bag part off and empty the dirt in the garbage. This was a daunting task, especially when a dustbin or refuse disposal was not near.  Additionally, the appliance’s use over time would result in the clogging of the filtration in the bag, following more dust accumulation (Gavriel, 2012). Most users were prompted to wash the cloth bag in order to achieve adequate efficiency when the cloth had become dirty.  The current world has, however, seen the comeback of the bag-less vacuum. Rowenta Intensium Bag-less Vacuum Cleaner is arguably one such equipment that is as well-lik ed as before due to its effective usability qualities. According to Gavriel (2012), the primary reason behind the widespread use of the appliance is that one does not need to purchase vacuum bags to operate it. This implies more savings on the part of the user.  Additionally, as the chamber in which dirt collects becomes increasingly filled with dirt, it should just be removed and emptied in the refuse bin.  Another advantage of using the Rowenta appliance is that any more accumulation of dirt in the chamber does not impact its continued functionality, and that one can practically read the amount of dirt being absorbed by the vacuum cleaner, hence the ease to tell whether the appliance is functioning well, and the level of dirt

Genetically Modified animal-to-human xenograft Term Paper

Genetically Modified animal-to-human xenograft - Term Paper Example The present article discusses the perception about xenotransplantation as an opening for a better future and the fact that for others, it signifies a move towards one more AIDS-like epidemic. The article discusses research, debate and also the decisions in this area of science. Xenotransplantation, as the name suggests, is a kind of transplantation that is performed between two different species; it encompasses transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs, usually as transplantation from non-human animal species into humans. This could be from mouse to humans or from pig to humans. The transformed tissue or organs are known as xenografts/ xenoplants. On the other hand, if the transplantation is performed between two similar species, then the process can be referred as allotransplantation. With the increasing population, there is an increase in demand for health care and facilities that performs these procedures. It is not currently possible to perform allotransplantations. Moreover, a great number of patients in anticipation of getting organ replacement die on before they get the alternative organ or tissue. There is an augmented demand for allotransplants of heart, kidney and liver, and the most feasible method sought to fulfill the enhanced demand is xenografts. This is of critical interest to those whose ailing lives are on the verge of death and who are still waiting for any donated organ or tissue. A survey was performed to take an assessment from patients regarding their understanding of types and techniques of transplant. The results display that around 75% of respondents knew about xenografting; of these 50% were ready to accept a xenograft for self and 43% for relative; 10% found a xenograft to be intolerable. On the other hand 40% were uncertain and wanted to know about the technology (Arundeii,, 1996). Only 27%